Which approach emphasizes the inherent meaning in art materials and the process used?

The approach that emphasizes the inherent meaning in art materials and the process used is the formalist approach. Formalism focuses on the visual elements of art—such as color, line, shape, and texture—rather than external contexts like historical or social factors. It advocates for analyzing art based on the intrinsic qualities of the artwork itself, including how the materials are utilized and the techniques employed in the creation process. This perspective allows for an appreciation of the aesthetic experience generated by the artwork, highlighting how these elements contribute to its overall significance and impact.

In contrast, other approaches like deconstructive, psychoanalytic, and ideological might focus more on interpretation, context, or underlying psychological factors rather than the material and formal aspects of the artwork. Deconstructive emphasizes breaking down meanings and questioning the assumptions behind a work, while psychoanalytic approaches explore psychological motivations and symbols. Ideological approaches look at the political or social messages conveyed in art. Therefore, the formalist perspective is uniquely centered around a deep appreciation for the art itself, including its materials and techniques.